Agricultural and Allied Activities || Rural Development and Poverty Alleviation || Irrigation, Command Area Development and Flood Control || Environment and Forests || Industry and Minerals || Village and Small Industries and Food Processing Industries || Labour and Labour Welfare || Energy || Transport || Communication, Information and Broadcasting || Education, Culture and Sports || Health and Family Welfare || Urban Development || Housing, Water Supply and Sanitation || Social Welfare || Welfare and Development of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes || Special Area Development Programmes || Science and Technology || Plan Implementation and Evaluation

ENERGY

8.77.8 The strategy and broad programme contents in the energy intensive sectors, as part of the National Energy Efficiency Programme would be as follows:

Industry

8.77.9 The Industrial Sector consumes about 50% of the total commercial energy in the country and has very high specific energy consumption levels in India as compared to other developing and developed countries. An estimated conservation potential of 25-30% exists in this sector. Significant energy savings can be achieved through better housekeeping, improved capacity utilisation, development of co-generation facilities, industrial waste heat management and arrangements for improving the quality of electricity supply. The first step would be to build a data base in order to develop realistic energy consumption norms for different industries. Suitable policies for each industrial subsector for promoting energy conservation in the form of fiscal incentives, legislative changes and financial arrangements would be developed and the necessary infrastructural support will be organised.

Agriculture

8.77.10 Agricultural sector accounts for about 10% to 15% of the total energy consumption in the country. An estimated energy saving potential of 30% exists in this sector. At the end of the Seventh Plan, the number of agricultural pumpsets in the country has registered a phenomenal rise to 8.35 million. The operational efficiency of these pumpsets has been found to be only 20-30% and can be enhanced by rectification offootvalves, suction and delivery pipes and by matching of pumpset capacity with the local water table. These efforts would lead to about 20% saving of the energy consumed. Wasteful use of energy in this sector has also become chronic due to concessional and flat rate tariff on electrical power for agricultural purpose. As part of the National Energy Efficiency Programme, rectification of pumpsets and improvement in farm machinery would be taken up as a major scheme during the Eighth Plan, along with fiscal incentives and suitable funding arrangements for energy efficient equipment.

Transport Sector

8.77.11 Transport sector constitutes about 25% of the total energy consumption in the country. An estimated energy conservation potential of about 20% exists in this sector. High Speed Diesel oil(HSD) is the main petroleum product consumed in road and rail transport. The consumption of HSD per tonne of freight carried or per passenger kilometre is higher in case of road transport as compared to rail transport. Therefore, the volume of rail traffic would need to be increased through various measures of capacity augmentation like improving speed of goods trains, using improved locomotives, strengthening the tracks, promotion ofcontain-erisation etc., so that the imbalance created by the gradual shift of traffic from railways to road may be offset. The road transport sector includes State Transport Undertakings (STUs), and private sector operators. The performance of the road vehicles can be improved by using better aerodynamically designed vehicle bodies, fuel efficient engines, inculcation of better driving habits, better vehicle maintenance procedures, synchronisation of traffic signals in cities, abolition of octroi posts etc. Research and Development projects aimed at finding the possibility of using ethanol in proportions ranging from 10-20% with HSD/petrol, recycling of lubes, development of synthetic high performance lubes, the feasibility of interfuel substitution of HSD and Naphtha with Compressed Natural Gas (CNG), cost effective and long life batteries for battery operated vehicles would also be undertaken. The National "Energy Efficiency Programme in the Eighth Plan would provide for infrastructural support for these R and D activities. The potential of transport through inland water ways and coastal shipping would also be tapped to the maximum extent possible for promoting energy efficiency in this sector during the Eighth Plan.

Domestic and Commercial Sectors

8.77.12 Non-commercial energy is the major source of energy consumed in this sector. The efficiency of firewood fuelled chullahas and stoves, kerosene stoves and LPG stoves would be enhanced. Development and enforcement of similar energy efficiency standards for other domestic appliances would also be taken up. Energy labelling and ISI certification of all energy using devices would be made mandatory. These mandatory requirements and other related measures would be appropriately incorporated in the National Energy Efficiency Programme;during the Eighth Plan.

Other Sectors

8.77.13 Besides the energy consuming sectors, energy conservation efforts will also be taken up in the various energy producing sectors as outlined below.

Oil and Gas

8.77.14 The product yield pattern in all refineries would be optimised through modernisation including utilisation of digital process control systems. Reduction of refineries boiler losses would be a thrust area. Inter-fuel substitution and promotion and use of natural gas in place of petroleum products wherever feasible would be provided.

Coal

8.77.15 In the case of the coal sector, the various activities relating to conservation such as introduction of mining technology with higher recovery, higher coal washing utilisation, mine fire control and sand stowing etc. would be taken up during the Eighth Plan.

Electricity

8.77.16 Transmission and distribution losses, the heat rate of thermal power plants and secondary fuel consumption in the form of furnace oil are all very high in the power sector. Efforts will be made, as part of the National Energy Efficiency Programme, to reduce values of these parameters to the optimum level by the introduction of system improvement works, direct ignition of pulverised coal, higher unit size of power plants and other methods. '

Buildings and Construction Industry

8.77.17 The use of solar passive architecture, alternative energy efficient materials and energy saving labour practices will be promoted in this sector as part of National Energy Efficiency Programme during the Eighth Plan.

Science and Technology

8.77.18 An energy efficiency cell would be set up in CS1R/DS1R for coordination and promotion in the development of new technologies, new materials for energy efficiency and data base. Similar cells and groups will also be setup in other undertakings and in the States, under their respective S and T Departments and S and T Councils. A comprehensive R and D programme in academic and .scientific institutions would he taken up as part of this National Energy Efficiency Programme in the Eighth Plan.

8.77.19 The sector-wise break up of the target-ted energy saving of 5000 MW capacity in the power sector and 6 million tonnes in petroleum products in the National Energy Efficiency Programme during the Eighth Plan would be prepared, in keeping with the above guidelines.

8.77.20 An outlay of Rs.1000 crores has been provided for energy conservation during the Eighth Plan which includes activities on energy conservation being carried out in different energy departments.

Annexure 8.1

Physical Programme of Crude Oil Production During Eighth Plan
(Million Tonnes)

NOTE:
1. NGL Production Is Included In Total Crude Oil Production
2. Exciddes Production Of 1.5-2.0 Million Tonnes From Work-over Wells And 0.75 Million Tonne In Private Sector In 1996-97.

Annexure 8.2

Physical Programme of Gas Production During Eighth Plan
(Million Cubic Meters)

List Of Projects Yielding Benefits In Eighth Plan (1992-97)

Annexure 8.3(contd.)

List Of Projects Yielding Benefits In Eighth Plan (1992-97)

Annexure 8.3(contd.)

List Of Projects Yielding Benefits In Eighth Plan (1992-97)

Annexure 8.3(contd.)

List Of Projects Yielding Benefits In Eighth Plan (1992-97)

Annexure 8.3(contd.)

List Of Projects Yielding Benefits In Eighth Plan (1992-97)

Annexure 8.3(contd.)

List Of Projects Yielding Benefits In Eighth Plan (1992-97)

Annexure 8.3(contd.)
List Of Projects Yielding Benefits In Eighth Plan (1992-97)

Summary Statement Of 8th Plan Capacity Additions-by Types

Annexure-8.4

Eighth Plan Outlay - Power Sector
(Rs.Crores)

Annexure-8.4(contd.)

Eighth Plan Outlay - Power Sector
(Rs.Crores)

inclusive of the outlays for NEC.

Annexure-8.5

Estimate Of Losses Of SEBs On Account Of Supply Of Electricity to
The Agricultural/irrigation Sector

Annexure-8.6

DIESEL PUMPSETS IN OPERATION (As On 31.3.1988)

Source: Minor Irrigation Deptt. of Govt. of India, New Delhi.

Annexure 8.7

Eighth Five Year Plan [1992-97] - Outlays Deptt. of Non-conventional Energy Sources